Abad Keemasan dan Pembangunan Sosial di Negara Usmani abad ke-16: Pendekatan Struktur, Kultur dan Proses.
(1) Universitas Istanbul
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Abstrak
Pembangunan sosial merupakan proses purba yang sudah ada sejak manusia itu ada. Tanpa pembangunan sosial peradaban maju tidak akan pernah bisa muncul. Dalam makalah ini penulis ingin menginvestigasi pembangunan sosial di masyarakat non-Barat pada periode modern awal yaitu di Negara Usmani (Ottoman State). Negara Usmani pada abad ke-16 sering dipandang sebagai negara adidaya dan abad ke-16 merupakan ‘Abad Keemasan’ (Golden Age) dari Negara Usmani, khususnya ketika Negara Usmani berada di bawah pemerintahan Sultan Suleyman Kanuni (1520-1566). Dalam hal ini kita ingin mencari tahu bagaimana pembangunan sosial yang terjadi di Negara Usmani. Pembangunan sosial yang dimaksud tentu saja bukan pembangunan sektoral, tetapi pembangunan yang menyeluruh sehingga menciptakan masyarakat yang partisipatif dengan melibatkan elemen dasar kehidupan sosial yaitu struktur, kultur dan proses. Dengan demikian maka kita akan mencari tahu bagaimana pembangunan sosial berjalan di Negara Usmani pada abad ke-16. Keberadaan pembangunan sosial ini diharapkan mampu menjadi bahan penilaian terhadap eksistensi “abad keemasan” yang selama ini menjadi perdebatan dalam historiografi sejarah Usmani.
Keywords: Social development; Ottoman; Golden Age; Structure; Culture; Process
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DOI: 10.24235/tamaddun.v7i1.4501
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