The Development of the Value Inquiry Learning Model to Improve Student’s Social Attitudes in Thematic Learning in Elementary Schools
(1) Universitas Garut
(2) Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
(3) Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
(4) Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
(5) Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Abstract
There is a gap between students' understanding of moral values and their actual behavior in daily life. While they comprehend moral concepts theoretically, they struggle to apply them in social interactions. The development of this learning model aims to address this issue by presenting real-life situations and moral dilemmas that encourage students to internalize values and make ethical decisions based on moral reflection, which is integrated into thematic learning. This study employs a Research & Development approach in three phases: preliminary study, model development, and model validation testing. The research involves five elementary schools in Garut Regency. Initial findings indicate that character education in elementary schools is primarily implemented through the value transmission process, habituation, modeling, and conditioning. These strategies serve as the foundation for developing the value inquiry learning model. The research instruments include teacher and student activity observation sheets, lesson plans, moral dilemma story scripts, and learning evaluation instruments. The model’s effectiveness was assessed based on improvements in students' social attitudes. N-Gain analysis results showed an increase of 29.48% in the limited experimental class test (low interpretation), 69.06% in broad test phase I, 69.98% in phase II, and 70.10% in the validation test (moderate interpretation). The effectiveness test result of 0.701 confirms that the value inquiry learning model is moderately effective in enhancing elementary students' social attitudes.
Keywords: characteristics of elementary school students, social attitudes, value inquiry learning models.
Abstrak
Terdapat kesenjangan antara pemahaman siswa terhadap nilai-nilai moral dan perilaku aktual mereka dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Sementara mereka memahami konsep-konsep moral secara teoritis, mereka kesulitan untuk menerapkannya dalam interaksi sosial. Pengembangan model pembelajaran ini bertujuan untuk mengatasi masalah ini dengan menyajikan situasi kehidupan nyata dan dilema moral yang mendorong siswa untuk menginternalisasi nilai-nilai dan membuat keputusan etis berdasarkan refleksi moral, yang terintegrasi ke dalam pembelajaran tematik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Penelitian & Pengembangan dalam tiga tahap: studi pendahuluan, pengembangan model, dan pengujian validasi model. Penelitian ini melibatkan lima sekolah dasar di Kabupaten Garut. Temuan awal menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan karakter di sekolah dasar terutama dilaksanakan melalui proses transmisi nilai, pembiasaan, pemodelan, dan pengkondisian. Strategi-strategi ini berfungsi sebagai landasan untuk mengembangkan model pembelajaran Inquiri Nilai. Instrumen penelitian meliputi lembar observasi aktivitas guru dan siswa, rencana pelajaran, naskah cerita dilema moral, dan instrumen evaluasi pembelajaran. Efektivitas model dinilai berdasarkan peningkatan sikap sosial siswa. Hasil analisis N-Gain menunjukkan peningkatan sebesar 29,48% pada uji kelas eksperimen terbatas (interpretasi rendah), 69,06% pada uji luas tahap I, 69,98% pada tahap II, dan 70,10% pada uji validasi (interpretasi sedang). Hasil uji efektivitas sebesar 0,701 menegaskan bahwa model pembelajaran Value Inquiry cukup efektif dalam meningkatkan sikap sosial siswa sekolah dasar.
Kata kunci: model pembelajaran value inquiry, sikap sosial, karakteristik siswa sekolah dasar.
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DOI: 10.24235/al.ibtida.snj.v12i1.18934
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