KEKERASAN DALAM RUMAH TANGGA (KDRT) PERSPEKTIF ISLAM: Kompilasi Awal Teks-teks Hadits Rujukan
(1) Fakultas Syariah dan Ekonomi Islam IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Pembahasan kekerasan dalam rumah tangga (KDRT) perspektif Islam selama ini lebih banyak merujuk pada ayat an-Nisa (4: 34) yang secara tersurat membolehkan suami memukul istri yang nusyuz. Berbeda dengan ayat, teks-teks Hadits dalam kitab-kitab rujukan utama justru menjelaskan dinamika konstruksi dan ketegangan sosial atas kebolehan memukul pada generasi awal Islam. Bahkan, beberapa teks dengan tegas mengarah pada perspektif anti kekerasan yang kemudian menjadi pertimbangan dasar interpretasi ayat tersebut di kalangan ulama tafsir maupun fiqh. Jika banyak feminis Muslim (Hassan 1991, Engineer 2001) alergi terhadap otoritas Hadits untuk rekonstruksi Islam yang adil gender, kompilasi teks-teks ini justru sedikit banyak membuktikan bahwa teks-teks dasar mengenai isu pemukulan istri dari Hadits bisa menjadi sumber utama diskursus penguatan kesadaran anti kekerasan terhadap perempuan.
The discussion of Islamic perspective on domestic violence has been greatly referred to the verse of Qur’an (4: 34), which expressly allows husband beating his disobedient wife. Unlike this verse, Hadith texts in their primary references clearly explain the dynamics of construction and social tensions on the permissibility of wife beating among early generation of Islam. Even some of these texts explicitly advocate perspective of anti-violence against women that later became the basis of the interpretation of the verse among scholars. While some Muslim feminists (Hassan, 1991, Engineer 2001) disregard authority of Hadith for the reconstruction of Islamic gender equality, this preliminary compilation is actually prove that the basic texts on the issue of wife beating of Hadith can be a major source of discourse strengthening awareness of anti-violence against women and of gender equality.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
‘Abdurrazzâq, Abu Bakr ‘Abdurrazzaq bin Hammam bin Nafi’ ash-Shan’aniy, 2000, al-Mushannaf, Ayman Nashruddin al-Azhari (ed.), (Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah).
Al-Baihaqiy, Abu Bakr Ahmad bin al-Husayn bin ‘Aliy, 2003, as-Sunan al-KubrÄ, Muhammad ‘Abd al-Qadir ‘Atha (ed.), (Beirut: DÄr al-Kutub al-‘Ilimiyyah).
Al-Bukhârî, Muhammad bin Isma’îl, 2004, Shahîh al-Bukhâriy: al-Jâmi’ al-Musnad ash-ShahÄ«h al-Mukhtashar min ‘UmÅ«r RasÅ«lillÄhi ShallallÄhu ‘Alaihi wa Sallam wa SunanihÄ« wa AyyÄmihÄ«, (Cairo: Dar Ibn Haitsam).
al-Qurthubiy, Muhammad bin Ahmad, (tt), al-JÄmi’ li-‘AhkÄm al-Qur’Än, (Beirut-Libanon: Dar Ihya at-Turats al-'Araby).
An-Nawawi, Yahyâ bin Syaraf, Shahîh Muslim (bi Syarh an-Nawawiy), (Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah).
At-Turmudzi, Abu ‘Isa Muhammad bin Isa bi Saurah, 2000, al-JÄmi’ ash-ShahÄ«h wa Huwa Sunan at-Turmudzi, Mahmud Muhammad Mahmud Hasan Nashshar (ed.), (Beirut: Dâr al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah)
Az-Zamakhsyari, Abû al-Qâsim bin Umar, 1989, TafsÄ«r al-KasysyÄf, (Beirut-Libanon: Dâr al-Fikr).
Ibn Abi Syaibah, Abu Bakr ‘Abdullah bin Muhammad bin Abi Syaibah al-Kufi al-‘Abasy, 1995, al-KitÄb al-Mushannaf fî al-AhÄdÄ«ts wa al-AtsÄr, Muhammad ‘Abd as-Salam Syahan (ed.), (Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyyah).
Ibn al-‘Arabi, Muhammad bin Abdullâh, 2003, AhkÄm al-Qur’Än, Muhammad ‘Abd al-Qadir ‘Atha (ed.), (Beirut: Dâr al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah).
Ibn Katsîr, Abu al-Fida Isma’il bin ‘Umar, 1999, TafsÄ«r al-Qur’Än al-‘AzhÄ«m, (Beirut: Dar Thaybah).
Ibn Majah, Abû ‘Abdillâh Muhammad bin Yazid al-Qazwiniy, 1998, Sunan Ibn MÄjah, Mahmud Muhammad Mahmud Hasan Nashshar (ed.), (Beirut: Dâr al-Kutb al-‘Ilmiyah).
Ibn Sa’d, Muhammad bin Sa’d bin Mani‘ al-Hasyimiy al-Bashriy, 1997, ath-ThabaqÄt al-KubrÄ, (Beirut: Dâr al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah).
Muslim, Abu al-Husayn Muslim bin al-Hajjâj al-Qusayiry an-Naisabury, 2003, Shahīh Muslim (bi Syarh an-Nawawiy), Muhammad Fu’ad ‘Abd al-Baqiy (ed.), (Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah).
Nawawi, Muhammad Umar, (tt), at-Tafsīr al-Munīr. (Indonesia: Dar Ihya al-Kutub al-‘Arabiyah).
Hassan, Riffat, 1991. “Muslim Women and Post-Patriarchal Islam,†in After Patriarchy: Feminist Transformation of the World Religions, ed. Paula M. Cooey, William R. Eakin, and Jay B. McDaniel (New York: Orbis Book).
Engineer, Ali Asghar, 2001. “Islam, Women, and Gender Justice,†in What Men Owe to Women, ed. John C. Raines and Daniel C. Maguire (New York: State University of New York Press).
Ali, Syed Mohammed, 2004. The Position of Women in Islam : A Progressive View (Albany: State University of New York Press).
DOI: 10.24235/mahkamah.v1i1.318
Article Metrics
Abstract view : 805 timesPDF - 1466 times
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
DESAMAHJONG adalah platform resmi slot777 yang menghadirkan pilihan slot gacor dengan sistem keamanan kedaulatan informasi identitas terbaik. Kami menjamin kejujuran administratif dan transparansi sistem untuk memberikan pengalaman navigasi yang aman, cepat, dan terpercaya bagi setiap anggota di tahun 2026.