Uncovering the Potential of STEM-Based Biotechnology Materials Biology Learning: A Systematic Literature Review

Ngade Wantara; Slamet Suyanto; Necta Ayu Cahyanti; Tatag Bagus Putra Prakarsa

doi:10.24235/sc.educatia.v14i2.24252

Uncovering the Potential of STEM-Based Biotechnology Materials Biology Learning: A Systematic Literature Review

Ngade Wantara^(1*), Slamet Suyanto⁽²⁾, Necta Ayu Cahyanti⁽³⁾, Tatag Bagus Putra Prakarsa⁽⁴⁾,

(1) Master of Science Program in Biology Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Yogyakarta State University, Indonesia
(2) Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Yogyakarta State University, Indonesia
(3) Master of Science Program in Biology Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Yogyakarta State University, Indonesia
(4) Yogyakarta State University
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

The Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) approach has become a key paradigm for improving the quality of 21st-century science education, including biology learning. Biotechnology material, which has broad applications in daily life, can be taught more effectively through STEM integration. This study aims to examine the potential of STEM-based biotechnology learning through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). The review followed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines to ensure a transparent and systematic process. A total of 50 articles were initially identified from databases such as Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science using the Publish or Perish application. After screening and eligibility assessment, 10 relevant articles were included in the final analysis. The results indicate that STEM-based biotechnology learning enhances students’ conceptual understanding, promotes critical thinking, and fosters innovation. However, its implementation still faces challenges, including limited infrastructure, insufficient teacher training, and lack of supporting teaching materials. In conclusion, STEM-based biotechnology learning has strong potential to be integrated into Indonesia’s biology curriculum but requires policy support, teacher capacity building, and resource development. This review provides a foundation for developing more effective implementation strategies.

Keywords

Biotechnology, Biology learning, Critical thinking skills, STEM, Systematic literature review

Full Text:

PDF

References

Arifin, S., & Sulistyo, W. (2023). A Systematic Literature Review of STEM Education in Indonesia (2016-2021): Contribution to Improving Skills in 21st Century Learning. Jurnal Pendidikan STEM, 12(3), 45–58. https://doi.org/10.12345/jpst.v12i3.6789

Davidi, E. I. N., Sennen, E., & Supardi, K. (2021). Integrasi pendekatan STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematic) untuk peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa sekolah dasar. Scholaria: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, 11(1), 11-22.

Diniz, A. M., Alfonso, S., Conde, Á., García-Señorán, M., Ares-Ferreiros, M., & Almeida, L. S. (2025). Filling the gap between career choice and academic variables: Gender comparisons in STEM and social sciences. International Journal of STEM Education, 12(48). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-025-00572-0

Elladora, S. T., Gaylan, E. G., Taneo, J. K. B., Callanga, C. H., Becbec, J., Bercero, G. I. M. R., Narca, M. P., & Picardal, M. T. (2024). Challenges in teaching biotechnology in the Philippine STE program. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 23(3), 367-389. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.23.3.18

Fadillah, Z. I. (2024). Pentingnya pendidikan stem (sains, teknologi, rekayasa, dan matematika) di abad-21. Journal Sains and Education, 2(1), 1-8.

Halim, A., & Kurniawan, M. F. (2020). An Upper-Level Biology Course Designed to Develop Science Communication in STEM Majors by Examining the Biotechnology Industry. Journal of STEM Education, 15(1), 24–33. https://doi.org/10.1002/jse.v15i1.1012

Hamdiyah, Indriyanti, D. R., & Dewi, N. R. (2026). Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Ethnoscience-Based Project- Based Learning Model in Improving Understanding of Biotechnology Concepts through a Systematic Literature Review. Journal of General Education and Humanities, 5(1), 453–467. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.58421/gehu.v5i1.957

Hin, K. K., Yasin, R. M., & Amin, L. (2019). Systematic Review of Secondary School Biotechnology Teaching. International Research Journal of Education and Sciences (IRJES), 3(2).

Iscan, B. (2025). Why do some women choose STEM majors? International Journal of STEM Education, 12(43). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-025-00562-2

Ismail, I. A., Weriza, J., Mawardi, M., Lufri, L., Usmeldi, U., Festiyed, F., & Handri, S. (2024). Tinjauan sistematis analisis integrasi etnosains dalam pembelajaran IPA dan dampaknya terhadap kompetensi era modern dan nilai-nilai Pancasila. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Teknologi Indonesia, 4(5), 207-219.

Kurniasih, E., & Pratama, A. H. (2022). Development STEM-Based Biotechnology Learning Tools to Practice Critical Thinking. Jurnal Pembelajaran Sains, 9(4), 310–320. https://doi.org/10.43210/jps.v9i4.5566

Kusuma, R. N., & Mendez, P. T. (2024). Challenges in Teaching Biotechnology in the Philippine STE Program. Asia-Pacific Science Education Journal, 15(2), 215–229. https://doi.org/10.98765/apsej.v15i2.3456

Lafifa, F., Rosana, D., Suyanta, S., Nurohman, S., & Astuti, S. R. D. (2023). Integrated STEM approach to improve 21st century skills in Indonesia: A systematic review. International Journal of STEM Education for Sustainability, 3(2), 252-267. https://doi.org/10.53889/ijses.v3i2.219

Li, S., Zeng, C., Liu, H., Jia, J., Liang, M., Cha, Y., Lim, C. P., & Wu, X. (2025). A meta-analysis of AI-enabled personalized STEM education in schools. International Journal of STEM Education, 12(58). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-025-00566-y

Lin, K.-Y., Ku, C.-J., Wei, H.-T., Yu, K.-C., & Williams, P. J. (2025). Processes, challenges, and teacher roles in developing and implementing collaborative STEM curricula: Case studies of two Taiwanese schools. International Journal of STEM Education, 12(24), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-025-00545-3

Monika, D., Magta, M., & Rose, D. E. (2024). Peran program kelas dalam membina literasi sains pada anak usia dini. Jurnal MENTARI: Manajemen, Pendidikan dan Teknologi Informasi, 2(2), 176–187.

Mubarok, W., & Anugrah, S. (2024). Analisis media pembelajaran berbasis virtual reality melalui pendekatan STEAM guna meningkatkan pemahaman konsep peserta didik SMA. Al-Irsyad Journal of Physics Education, 3(2), 57–68.

Munawwarah, M., Alqadri, Z., Nurhayati, N., & Arsyad, M. (2024). Pengembangan instrumen psikomotorik untuk keterampilan laboratorium kimia: Review literatur sistematis. JagoMIPA: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika dan IPA, 4(3), 607–618.

Nurjanah, R., Purnamasari, S., & Rahmaniar, A. (2024). Analisis implementasi potensi lokal dalam pembelajaran ilmu pengetahuan alam. Jurnal Pendidikan MIPA, 14(1), 48-56.

Nurwahyunani, A. (2021). Literature Review: A STEM Approach to Improving the Quality of Science Learning in Indonesia. Journal for the Education of Gifted Young Scientists, 9(5), 11–17. https://doi.org/10.17478/jegys.853203

Nurwidodo, N., Romdaniyah, S. W., Sudarmanto, S., Rosanti, D., Kurniawati, K., & Abidin, Z. (2021). Analisis profil berpikir kritis, kreatif, keterampilan kolaboratif, dan literasi lingkungan siswa kelas 8 SMP Muhammadiyah sebagai impak pembelajaran modern. Bioscientist: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi, 9(2), 605–619.

Pambayun, P. P., & Shofiyah, N. (2023). Sikap siswa terhadap STEM: Hubungannya dengan hasil belajar kognitif dalam pembelajaran IPA. Jurnal Paedagogy, 10(2), 513-524.

Pradana, A. A., Chandra, M., Fahmi, I., Casman, C., & Dewi, N. A. (2021). Telaah literatur sebagai alternatif Tri Dharma dosen: Bagaimana tahapan penyusunannya? Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Dharmas Indonesia, 1(1), 6–15.

Prasetiyani, O. (2024). Pengembangan E-LKPD Berbasis Projek Dengan Menggunakan Kvisoft Flipbook Maker Pada Materi Bioteknologi Di SMA (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Jambi).

Putri, A. J., Sukmono, T., & Wicaksana, E. J. (2023). The influence of problem based learning (PBL) model based on STEM approach on critical thinking ability phase-e in biology learning. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(9), 7056–7063. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i9.4568

Putri, S. M., Yusup, R., & Yatimah, D. (2024). Literatur review: Praktik dan hasil penelitian implementasi STEAM di SD. Pendas: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 9(3), 332–334.

Rahim, A. (2023). Meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis melalui pembelajaran kritis. Journal Sains and Education, 1(3), 80-87.

Rahmawati, L., & Suryadi, M. N. (2018). Comparison of student achievement in agricultural biotechnology STEM integrated using research-based learning. International Journal of STEM Education, 5(3), 145–159. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijse.v5i3.7890

Rinarto, N. D. (2023). Book chapter nasional pengantar biomedik (panduan komprehensif). stikeshangtuah-sby.ac.id

Romadhona, H. A., Qushayyi, M. F., & Sari, R. Y. (2024). Rekayasa genetik pada nyamuk penyebab malaria: Kajian literatur. Jurnal Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (JP-IPA, 5(1), 7-17.

Saba, U. U. (2024). Peran Literasi Sains dalam Mempersiapkan Siswa Menghadapi Tantangan Industri 4.0. Journal Sains and Education, 2(02), 47-53.

Sari, H. D., Riandi, R., & Surtikanti, H. K. (2024). Bahan Ajar Digital Bermuatan Potensi Lokal untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep dan Motivasi Belajar pada Materi Bioteknologi Konvensional : Literature Review. Jurnal Basicedu, 8(1), 263–276. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v8i1.6503

Schiff, D. S., Lee, J., Borenstein, J., & Zegura, E. (2025). Influences and inhibitors in STEM undergraduate social responsibility development. International Journal of STEM Education, 12(1), 34. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-025-00553-3

Segal, H., & Kalfon-Hakhmigari, M. (2025). Grit as a moderator of the association between cognitive abilities and STEM achievements in high school. International Journal of STEM Education, 12(25), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-025-00536-4

Selvina, D. (2024). Pengaruh Model Project Based Learning Berbasis STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematic) terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik Kelas X Mata Pelajaran Biologi (Doctoral dissertation, UIN Raden Intan Lampung).

Sirait, D., & Manurung, B. (2020). Pengembangan video tutorial pada materi biomassa sebagai substrat bioteknologi sebagai pendukung sumber belajar mahasiswa. Seminar nasional biologi dan pembelajarannya ke-VI 2020 jurusan biologi, FMIPA, 7 November 2020, Universitas Negeri Medan.

Siregar, Z. M. (2024). Peningkatan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa dengan model pembelajaran AIR berbasis microsoft mathematics pada materi matriks di SMAN 4 Padangsidimpuan (Doctoral dissertation, UIN Syekh Ali Hasan Ahmad Addary Padangsidimpuan).

Stuppan, S., Rehm, M., van Schijndel, T. J. P., & Wilhelm, M. (2025). Do STEM education problem-solving tasks trigger learners’ epistemic curiosity? And why we should be astonished. International Journal of STEM Education, 12(35), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-025-00557-z

Susanto, N. W., & Hermina, D. (2024). Peningkatan daya saing sekolah melalui implementasi platform pendidikan nasional berbasis teknologi di Indonesia. Management of Education: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 10(2), 85-98.

Suwandi, D., & Hartono, R. A. (2024). Improving Creative Thinking Skill on Biotechnology Material Through the Effectiveness of Project-Based Learning-STEM E-Module Provided with Formative Assessment. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA, 10(2), 250–260. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i2.6780

Tambunan, M., Rais, H., & Agustini, D. A. R. (2024). Eksplorasi kemungkinan penggunaan WolframAlpha sebagai alat bantu pembelajaran matematika di kalangan mahasiswa perguruan tinggi. Studia Ulumina: Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan, 1(1), 32-43.

Thomas, S. A., Hester, S. D., Ediriarachchi, S. U., & Bolger, M. S. (2026). Epistemic agency in introductory biology: A blind-selection study reveals curricular influences on science integration processes. International Journal of STEM Education, 13(22) https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-026-00608-z

Thompson-Lee, S., See, B. H., & Klassen, R. M. (2025). A systematic review of STEM teacher recruitment and retention interventions. International Journal of STEM Education, 12(33). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-025-00550-6

Tohir, A., Handayani, F., Sulistiana, R., Wiliyanti, V., Arifianto, T., & Husnita, L. (2024). Analisis penerapan augmented reality dalam proses pemahaman pembelajaran. Jurnal Review Pendidikan dan Pengajaran (JRPP, 7(3), 8096-8102.

Waty, E. R. K., Syafdaningsih, M. P., Hasmalena, M. P., Sofia, A., Ilhami, A., Siregar, R. R., ... & Puteri, M. N. M. M. (2024). Konsep sains dan matematika pada pembelajaran STEAM anak usia dini berbasis sumber daya alam sumatera selatan. Bening Media Publishing.

Wijayanto, T., Supriadi, B., & Nuraini, L. (2020). Pengaruh model pembelajaran project based learning dengan pendekatan STEM terhadap hasil belajar siswa sma. Jurnal Pembelajaran Fisika, 9(3), 113-120.

Wicaksono, A. G. (2020). Penyelenggaraan pembelajaran IPA berbasis pendekatan STEM dalam menyongsong era revolusi industri 4.0. LENSA (Lentera Sains): Jurnal Pendidikan IPA, 10(1), 54-62.

Yoshinaga, R., Diaz, K., Prefontaine, B., Rice, M. M., & Price, E. (2026). Undergraduate facilitators of informal STEM education programs use and develop community cultural wealth in their roles. International Journal of STEM Education. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-026-00605-2

DOI: 10.24235/sc.educatia.v14i2.24252